what is foundation,why provide it?

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FOUNDATION

Foundations provide support to the structure, transfers the loads from the structure to the earth (soil). But the layer at which the foundation transfers the load shall have an sufficient bearing capacity and suitable settlement characteristics. There are several types of foundations depend various considerations such as-


Total load from the superstructure. 

Soil conditions.

Water level.

Noise and vibrations sensitivity.

Available resources.

Time-frame of the project.

Cost.

Broadly speaking, foundations can be classified as shallow foundations and deep foundations. Shallow footings are usually used when the bearing capacity of the surface soil is adequate to carry the loads imposed by a structure. On the other hand, deep foundations are usually used when the bearing capacity of the surface soil is not sufficient to carry the loads imposed by a structure. So, the loads have to be transferred to a deeper level where the soil layer has a higher bearing capacity.


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