what is water cement ratio?

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what is water cement ratio?
The ratio during the weight of water to the weight of cement in  concrete mix is called Water Cement ratio (w/c ratio). How to calculate the quantity of water for mix Concrete? Normally, the water cement ratio during  0.4 to 0.6 as per Indian standard code . We take 0.42 as a ratio of Water cement.
water cement ratio

 calculation Water Cement Ratio? 

We don’t  calculate correct the Water Cement Ratio.
It is selected from various workability test based on the , transportation,structural members, concrete strength, selection of aggregation etc.
At Site Level, we can make use of the below calculation for the nominal mix concrete.

Water Cement Ratio IS 10262 (2009) Code Chart 
water cement ratio
image source-google| image by happho

calculation of Water Quantity for nominal  Concrete mix.

As you can see from  Chart, the water cement Ratio varies from 0.4 to 0.7 depending on exposure condition.
If we need to calculate Water quantity for concrete, first find the cement content for the volume.
If we Assume the required cement volume as 50kg or 1bag,
Required amount of water = Water cement Ratio X Cement Volume
expected amount of water = 0.5 X 50 kg = 25 litres / 50 kg cement bag.
For Design mix, the Water cement ratio will depend upon the strength requirements, workability.

What is  Right Water Cement Ratio for nominal Mix Design?
A right water cement ratio for concrete design will effect the compressive strength, permeability and the overall durability of the concrete structure. The idea of water cement ratio is that more the value, greater is the water content in the concrete and the cement paste becomes more dilute and vice versa.
Different Water cement Ratio in concrete.

Different Water cement ratio in concrete are employed for different concrete applications. For high-quality concrete construction, a lower water cement ratio of 0.4 is employed. For concrete construction like sidewalk and driveway  a water cement ratio ranging from 0.6 to 0.75 is normally used.
The practical range of water cement ratio ranges from 0.3 to 0.81 that gives stiff and weak concrete respectively. Weak concrete means a fairly wet concrete this is not good.
water cement ratio tableConcrete Mix design table of M20, M25, M30 grade of concrete
     
water-cement-ratio-table
image source-google| image by engineering discover


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conclusion
so water cement ratio is important for concrete.

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